The different ecological components of fragile ecosystems in the Pantanos de Villa Wildlife Refuge are naturally affected by fluctuations in climate variability. mainly due to climatological elements. The impact of vegetation by climatic variability was determined based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with climatic data for the dry season from 2000 to 2020 (May). ... https://www.roneverhart.com/Skittles-Ornament/